MAKALAH INTERNATIONAL TRADE
MAKER ( MELVIN JHONREY ) (27215779)
Group 9:
-Kevin Henanta (23215698)
-Melvin JR
(27215779)
-Ria Dami Ulfa (25215873)
The Level of Competitiveness
Indonesia’s
competitiveness ranking improved significantly in the global arena. In 2010,
Indonesia’s competitiveness ranks 44th out of 144 countries a year earlier in
2009 in the ranking of 54. Of course, this is an achievement that was
encouraging for the nation of Indonesia. However, Indonesia still must not fail
in the face of global market increasingly competitive.
As the people of Indonesia, surely proud and happy with the success of the Government of Indonesia in improving its competitiveness in the global arena. In The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011 that was launched by the World Economic Forum (WEF) as the kick off for the implementation of WEF Summer Davos in Tianjin, China in September 2010 revealed that Indonesia’s competitiveness is ranked 44 of 144 countries from 54 in the previous ranking 2009. the increase Indonesia’s competitiveness in the global arena, it must be recognized is the role of the Ministry of Commerce (Trade) RI led by Mari ElkaPangestu, the daughter of a famous economist J. Panglaykim. Trade Minister Mari ElkaPangestu which is the economic Doctoral dropout University of California USA This is quite unreliable, especially in boosting the performance of national and international trade.
As the people of Indonesia, surely proud and happy with the success of the Government of Indonesia in improving its competitiveness in the global arena. In The Global Competitiveness Report 2010-2011 that was launched by the World Economic Forum (WEF) as the kick off for the implementation of WEF Summer Davos in Tianjin, China in September 2010 revealed that Indonesia’s competitiveness is ranked 44 of 144 countries from 54 in the previous ranking 2009. the increase Indonesia’s competitiveness in the global arena, it must be recognized is the role of the Ministry of Commerce (Trade) RI led by Mari ElkaPangestu, the daughter of a famous economist J. Panglaykim. Trade Minister Mari ElkaPangestu which is the economic Doctoral dropout University of California USA This is quite unreliable, especially in boosting the performance of national and international trade.
She said
that there are several factors that make Indonesia an increase ratings. The
increase is mainly due to rank Indonesia’s macroeconomic conditions are healthy
and improvements in education indicators. The level of education in Indonesia
is getting better as measured by the Global Competitiveness Index 2009-2010.
“Indonesia’s macroeconomic condition is getting better. business climate in
Indonesia has shown improvement, ranging from macroeconomic stability,
political, and economic growth is already showing positive results, “said Trade
Minister Mari ElkaPangestu.
We will expand markets and strengthen trade representatives abroad and increase Indonesia imaging products at home and abroad. For example sprain program Products I Love Indonesia (ACI). The success of the increase Indonesia’s competitiveness was mainly boosted by the significant increase in the ranking of some pillars of the 12 pillars of competitiveness, namely Institutions, Infrastructure, Macroeconomic Environment, Health and Primary Education, Higher Education and Training, Goods Market Efficiency, Labour Market Efficiency, Financial Market Development , Technological Readiness, Market Size, Business Sophistication, and Innovation. WEF as a forum for the reference of businessmen abroad see the performance of the Government of Indonesia has improved in some areas, such as protection of intellectual property rights up the rankings from 67 to 58, the level of national savings of 40 to 16, and the policy effectiveness of anti-monopoly from 35 to 30, Indonesia was deemed better in terms of expansion and the impact of taxation, which is up from rank 22 to 17. Then the business sophistication pillar also increased, namely local supplier quantity of 50 to 43, the value chain breadth of 35 to 26, control of international distribution from 39 to 33, and the production process sophistication from 60 to 52.
We will expand markets and strengthen trade representatives abroad and increase Indonesia imaging products at home and abroad. For example sprain program Products I Love Indonesia (ACI). The success of the increase Indonesia’s competitiveness was mainly boosted by the significant increase in the ranking of some pillars of the 12 pillars of competitiveness, namely Institutions, Infrastructure, Macroeconomic Environment, Health and Primary Education, Higher Education and Training, Goods Market Efficiency, Labour Market Efficiency, Financial Market Development , Technological Readiness, Market Size, Business Sophistication, and Innovation. WEF as a forum for the reference of businessmen abroad see the performance of the Government of Indonesia has improved in some areas, such as protection of intellectual property rights up the rankings from 67 to 58, the level of national savings of 40 to 16, and the policy effectiveness of anti-monopoly from 35 to 30, Indonesia was deemed better in terms of expansion and the impact of taxation, which is up from rank 22 to 17. Then the business sophistication pillar also increased, namely local supplier quantity of 50 to 43, the value chain breadth of 35 to 26, control of international distribution from 39 to 33, and the production process sophistication from 60 to 52.
In the WEF
assessment, ranking the condition of infrastructure in Indonesia has decreased,
although not significantly. The previous year ranked Indonesia’s infrastructure
is in poisisi 53, but this year being ranked ranked 55. With the decline in
Indonesia’s infrastructure, the government through the ranks of relevant
ministries, including the Ministry of Trade is committed to continue to work on
improving the nation’s competitiveness through technological content and
improvement of infrastructure. To that end, the government will continue to
invite investors to participate in Public Private Partnership (PPP / PPP) and
constructing facilities and infrastructure technology. “The investment climate
in Indonesia is very conducive, the exchange rate is stable, and is supported
by easy access to capital,” said Minister of Trade. In addition, in fiscal
policy, the government also continues to provide incentives in order to
encourage investors to invest in Indonesia. The government has actively provide
incentives in the form of tax paid by the government, and the “ tax allowance`
holiday` tax. And continue to organize the intensification and extension
efforts to produce a good education. “With this policy, the government is expected
to be able to fix the infrastructure, including roads, seaports and airports to
become more competitive ,. With the improvement in infrastructure, the
competitiveness of Indonesia will be better “said Minister of Trade. The
minister also justified the statement by Coordinating Minister HattaRajasa.
Minister for Economic Affairs said that Indonesia’s competitiveness on a global
level can be further enhanced if infrastructure facilities can be quickly
addressed. “Ranked 44’s, could still be better if our infrastructure is quickly
addressed and it takes hard work,” said Coordinating Minister for the Economy,
HattaRajasa. In addition to concentrating on the improvement of infrastructure,
the Ministry of Trade also continues to encourage domestic products to compete
in the local and export markets. “We will expand markets and strengthen trade
representatives abroad and increase Indonesia imaging products at home and
abroad. For example sprain program Products I Love Indonesia (ACI), “said Trade
Minister Mari ElkaPangestu. Because She also hoped the businesses to utilize
existing facilities in trade cooperation agreed upon Indonesia with trading
partners. Today, Indonesia’s competitiveness at a global level improved and
should be improved. The Ministry of Trade will continue this institutional
reform, including accelerating infrastructure development. Thus the
competitiveness of the Indonesian economy improves, will be able to increase
the overall level of prosperity, “said Minister of Trade Mari ElkaPangestu.
Increasing
the competitiveness of Indonesia at the world level is very encouraging.
However, a positive assessment of the competitiveness of Indonesia World
Economic Forum (WEF) are not to make the Indonesian government to be careless.
Perhaps, Indonesia’s competitiveness ranking ditataran world today ahead of a
number of countries, such as Portugal, which is ranked 46th, Italy 48th, India
(51), South Africa (54), Brazil (58), Turkey (61), Russia (63), Mexico (66th),
Egypt (81), Greece (83), and Argentina (87). Similarly, at the level of ASEAN,
Indonesia’s competitiveness ranking is better than Vietnam (59), the
Philippines (85), and Cambodia (109). However, so important notes that
Indonesia’s competitiveness is still below Singapore, which is ranked third,
Malaysia ranked 26th, ranking 28th Brunei, and Thailand ranked 38th “We still
may not be negligent even though we increased competitiveness. The increase in
the competitiveness index is just as one
Parameter numbers that could change. We must be more active and work hard, so the results are also better again, “trade minister. With the increase in the competitiveness of this should be a challenge for the Indonesian nation in general, and the Ministry of Trade in particular, in the continuing reform of the bureaucracy to support a conducive investment climate, eliminating factors that cause high economic costs, and encourage investors to invest in the country.
Parameter numbers that could change. We must be more active and work hard, so the results are also better again, “trade minister. With the increase in the competitiveness of this should be a challenge for the Indonesian nation in general, and the Ministry of Trade in particular, in the continuing reform of the bureaucracy to support a conducive investment climate, eliminating factors that cause high economic costs, and encourage investors to invest in the country.
REFERENCES :
NEWS
Import and
export activities, as part of international trade, are exempted from the
obligation to use rupiah in all transactions, according to an official with
Bank Indonesia (BI).
Aside from
export and import activities, exemptions have also been granted for several
strategic infrastructure projects including the financing of the construction
of airports and power plants.
‘Foreign
currency can still be used for import and export transactions […] We are
flexible so as to not interfere in the economy,’ The head of BI’s payment
system policy and monitoring department, Eni Panggabean, told The Jakarta Post
on Sunday.
Eni made the
statement particularly in response to comments by Anne Patricia Sutanto,
president director of garment producer PT Pancaprima Ekabrothers, who
criticized the BI policy that previously required all business transactions
performed in Indonesian territory to be conducted in rupiah.
Anne said
the policy had especially hurt companies involved in import and export
activities because, with the mandatory use of rupiah, they had to renegotiate
their business contracts with their foreign partners.
Before the
policy was implemented, most export and import related transactions were
conducted in US dollars. ‘Now, we have to change this and, for example, we have
to tell shipping companies to draft invoices in rupiah,’ Anne said. ‘This
policy has caused confusion in the business world.’
Central bank
regulation (PBI) No. 17, which is the object of the complaint, stipulates that
when non-rupiah currencies can be used in international financial and
commercial transactions, specifies income and expenditure under the state
budget, regulates foreign currency savings and deposits in banks and
international financing transactions, as well as many other transactions
covered by the BI Law and the Investment Law.
‘Those who
already signed contracts [using foreign currencies] before July can still
proceed,’ Eni added.
Exemptions
to the rule were also made for strategic infrastructure projects, such as
airports and projects in electricity and geothermal energy, with the consent of
the central bank, Eni added.
Eni also
said BI had given some companies extra time to adjust their accounting systems
to rupiah, as backed up by article 16 of PBI No.17.
The article
stipulates that the bank can adopt a particular policy if the mandatory use of
rupiah for non-cash transactions causes problems for business people, with
certain qualifications.
‘The company’s
system and accounting can’t change quickly by changing the accounting records
from dollars to rupiah, some companies need to close their financial book
first,’ Eni said, adding that the length of time to adjust the system depended
on the company’s request to the central bank.
Eni
maintained that companies had been supportive of the policy, including in the
travel sector and the oil and gas sector.
BI has stood
firm in implementing its PBI which regulates the mandatory usage of rupiah for
all transactions onshore, with the central bank banning all transactions
conducted in foreign currencies such as the US dollar.
The policy
also stemmed from the Currency Law in 2011, she said, so it did not come out of
the blue amid the rupiah devaluation.
The measure
was taken to curb the local demand for dollars and hence stabilize the rupiah,
which has been among Asia’s most volatile currencies.
The strong
demand for greenbacks has partly contributed to the fall in the rupiah, which
has lost about 14 percent this year amid the fall in regional financial
markets. It stood at Rp 14,306 on Friday against the dollar, according to the
Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate (JISDOR), way past the previously
significant 14,000-mark.
Currency
trade consultant and expert Farial Anwar voiced the same concern, warning
against further devaluation of the rupiah if the rule was not enforced, as the
pressure on the rupiah mounted inside and outside the country.
‘There are
already too many transactions inside the country unrelated to international
transactions that use foreign currencies. Even apartment rents, mall rents, or
hotel bookings don’t use rupiah. That is not right,’ Farial said.
Analysis
The
international trading management of Indonesia must be fixed and made to the
better one and the goverment also have to be careful facing some factor that
can hamper our international trading management such as :
a.
Inflation
High inflation may cause our export commodities are less able to
compete on the world market, due to the high inflation export prices will be
more expensive. Consequently rarely willing to buy the products of our exports.
b.
Entrepreneurs in the country who are not protected by their international
trade. International Trade little effect to the domestic business, they compete
with employers in the region. Kualiatas and the quality of the entrepreneur is
very uncertain in the employer’s business
c. Their new
colonialism by the developed countries,
Such conditions create the atmosphere like
during the colonial period although differing indirectly. Developing countries
that do not have a better capacity will depend on the developed countries. As a
consequence, developing countries will easily be tottering with developed
countries.
And to
overcome the negative effects of international trade and the establishment of
ACFTA, diharakan government to quickly perform a variety of approaches to the
society by strengthening the human resources (HR) is to develop educational
evenly in each area so hopefully everyone can be Tenggara work and professional
experts and this is called progressive policies -Jakarta Post
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